moving traffic contravention
Entered and stopped in a box junction when prohibited
Code 31 covers entering and stopping in a box junction. The rule is narrow: you may enter if your exit is clear, and you may wait in the box when turning right if you are only held up by oncoming traffic.
No account, no card, nothing stored.
Grounds that work against code 31
You were turning right
Waiting in a box junction to turn right is expressly permitted where you are prevented from turning only by oncoming traffic or by other right-turning vehicles. Ask for the full uncut footage, not a still.
Your exit was clear when you entered
If traffic ahead stopped unexpectedly after you committed, you did not contravene. The footage of the approach is what shows this, and a still image never does.
The markings or signs were non-compliant
Box junction markings must comply with the regulations and the junction must be properly signed.
Evidence to attach
- The full camera footage, which you should request
- Dashcam footage if you have it
- Photographs of the junction markings
More appeals fail on missing evidence than on weak arguments. Send copies, never originals, and keep a proof of posting.
The appeal process
- 1
Challenge within 14 days
If the council rejects an early challenge, most authorities keep the 50% discount open for a further 14 days from the date of their decision.
- 2
Formal representations
Made after a Notice to Owner arrives, within 28 days, and decided against the statutory grounds.
- 3
Independent adjudicator
London boroughs go to London Tribunals, the rest of England and Wales to the Traffic Penalty Tribunal. Free for motorists.
Common questions
What does contravention code 31 mean?
Code 31 means entered and stopped in a box junction when prohibited. It is a moving traffic contravention enforced by a council under the Traffic Management Act 2004, and it appears on your Penalty Charge Notice next to the description of the alleged contravention.
Can I appeal a code 31 PCN?
Yes, and it costs nothing. Challenge the council first, ideally within 14 days so the 50% discount is protected. If they reject you, a Notice to Owner follows, then formal representations, and finally a free appeal to an independent adjudicator.
How much is a code 31 penalty?
Council penalty charges generally run from £60 to £130 depending on the authority and whether the contravention is treated as higher or lower level. Paying within 14 days usually halves it. Challenging in that window normally protects the discount if you are rejected, but confirm it in writing.
What evidence should I send with a code 31 appeal?
The full camera footage, which you should request. Dashcam footage if you have it. Photographs of the junction markings.
Write your appeal for code 31
Pick your council, enter the code, and Voidly applies the right statutory ground automatically.
Start my appealRelated moving traffic codes
- Code 32 — Failing to drive in the direction shown by the arrow on a blue sign
- Code 33 — Using a route restricted to certain vehicles
- Code 49 — Driving through a barred area marked by a solid white line
- Code 52 — Failing to comply with a prohibited turn
- Code 53 — Failing to comply with a no-entry restriction
- Code 61 — Failing to comply with a weight or width restriction
Voidly produces a draft letter to help you appeal. It is not legal advice. Codes and their interpretation vary between authorities, so always check the description printed on your own notice.